United States of Fredonia

1840: Ran unopposed

1842: Ran unopposed

1844: Ran unopposed

1846 def. John Brown Russwurm (Country)

1848 def. John Brown Russwurm (Country)

1850 def. John Brown Russwurm (Country)

1852 def. Lancelot McGill (Country)

1854 def. Lancelot McGill (Country)

1856 def. Lancelot McGill (Country)

1858: Ran unopposed

1860: Ran unopposed

1862 def. Isaiah Southard (Constitutional), Lancelot McGill (Country)

1864 def. Isaiah Southard (Constitutional)

1866 def. Isaiah Southard (Constitutional)

1868 def. Isaiah Southard (Constitutional)

1870 def. Lawrence F. Gill (Constitutional)

1872 def. Lawrence F. Gill (Constitutional)

1874 def. Lawrence F. Gill (Constitutional)

1876 def. Joseph Matthias (Constitutional)

1878 def. Joseph Matthias (Constitutional)

1880 def. Joseph Matthias (Constitutional)

-attempts to keep power after defeat by nullifying 1882 election result

-causes revolt against him, his overthrow

1882 def. Samuel Johnson (Central)

-killed by Centralist forces after he was sworn in

1886: Ran unopposed

1888: Elections suspended

-running-mate of Matthias

-experience as a general but considered apolitical

-defeats Centralist forces in arms

-starts constructing railroads, other infra into interior

-and grants citizenship to "civilized" elements of the interior

1890: Ran unopposed

1894: Ran unopposed

1898: Ran unopposed

1902: Ran unopposed

1906 def. Abijah Johnson (Libertopolitan)

1910 def. Abijah Johnson (Libertopolitan)

-new constitution is sort of a grand compromise with native forms of government

-establishes Fredonia as a federation with old settlements as just one component

-faces off against Fulani jihadists and is able to secure alliance with interior groups, also conquers Musardu

-leads army himself and fights in a series of wars with popularity partially based on Christianity

-in what's known as "Butlerian Crusades", conquests sweep far into interior

-heavily supported by American missionaries who he seduces to his side after Liberty and Union War (1868-76)

-uses old arms from the US which are very effective

-and builds a number of military railroads

-wars today often compared to Fulani jihads because of his new interior focus and use of new weapons

-as well as reshaping of Fredonian state towards conquests

-a modern reinterpretation to avoid propaganda of him

-with rise of the Mahdi in Massina he has to face off against him

-assembles coalition of allies

-including with Fulani horsemen who consider the claimant Mahdi a traitor to Islam

-and would rather work with People of the Book than him

-his use of repeating guns wins the day

-successfully deflects Mahdi to Mossi states where he dies from an infected wound

-moves capital northwards from Libertopolis to Marshfield

-to recognize its new position

-after Mahdi gets killed spends his time trying to keep his empire together

-especially interior forces who, in the absence of Mahdi threat, now want independence

-as well as Libertopolitans who sneer at him and consider him an "African chief"

-rules Fredonia to his death

-with makeup of Congress radically reshaped in patronage system with new groups

-and adoption of many African rulership norms

1914 def. Abijah Johnson (Libertopolitan) [disqualified]

1918: Ran unopposed

1922: Ran unopposed

1926: Ran unopposed

-handpicked successor who served as VP as that